Tap drill ≈ 10.00 − 1.50 = 8.50 mm for coarse. Fine M10 × 1.25 uses 8.8 mm; M10 × 1 uses 9.0 mm. Normal clearance is 11 mm. Minor diameter for an internal coarse thread is about 8.38 mm.
Formula
Major Ø 10 mm
Pitch 1.5 mm
Tap drill 8.8 mm
Minor Ø 8.376 mm
M10 × 1.5 at a glance
Full metric and imperial charts live on the thread & tap drill calculator. Other common sizes: M8 × 1.25, M12 × 1.75, M6 × 1, M16 × 2.